日本語能力試験
問題用紙
１９９１ ４級
文字・語彙
１００点２５分
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問題Ⅳ ______のぶんとだいたいおなじいみのぶんはどれですか。１２３４からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。 Soal IV Which sentence that hold the similar meaning with the underlined sentence?. Choose one best answer from 1234. |
１． にちようびはしょくどうがやすみです。
Nichiyoubi wa Shokudou ga yasumi desu.
Sunday, cafeteria is off.
1. にちようびはしょくどうがあいています。
Nichiyoubi wa shokudou ga aiteimasu.
Sunday, cafeteria is open.
2. にちようびはしょくどうがこんでいます。
Nichiyoubi wa shokudou ga kondeimasu.
Sunday,cafetaria is full.
3. にちようびはしょくどうがやっています。
Nichiyoubi wa shokudou ga yatteimasu.
Sunday, cafeteria is running.
4. にちようびはしょくどうがしまっています。
Nichiyoubi wa shokudou ga shimatteimasu.
Sunday, cafeteria is closed.
Jawaban :4
The underlined sentence’s meaning is Sunday the cafeteria is off. The key of the sentence is ‘yasumi’ which means holiday or off. So, we have to find one sentence which has the closest meaning with the underlined sentence. Option 1,2 and 3 cannot be used because it is actually has the opposite meaning with the underlined sentence. Option 1 means that Sunday the cafeteria is open. Option 2 means that Sunday the cafeteria is full. And the third option means Sunday the cafeteria is doing themselves which actually also means they are doing their activity on running the cafeteria. The last option which is 4 is the one that has the closest meaning which means Sunday the cafeteria is closed. The keyword is in the verb ‘shimaru’ which is an intransitive verb that hold the meaning of ‘to close, to be closed’.
２． このえはきらいです.
Kono e wa kirai desu.
This picture (I) hate it.
１． このえはすきです。
Kono e wa suki desu.
This picture (I) like it.
２． このえはきれいです。
Kono e wa kirei desu.
This picture is beautiful.
３． このえはすきではありません。
Kono e wa suki dewa arimasen.
This picture (I) don’t like it.
４． このえはきれいではありません。
Kono e wa kirei dewa arimasen.
This picture is not beautiful.
Answer : ３
The meaning of the underlined sentence’s above is (I) dislike/hate this picture or drawing, The important keyword on this sentence is ‘kirai’ which means hate or dislike. Based on it, we can conclude that the first answer is not the answer, because it actually has the opposite meaning which is ‘like’ that is held by the word ‘suki’. The second and forth option is also not suitable for an answer because it is not discussing about like or dislike. Those two sentence are describing the characteristic of the picture itself which is represented by the adjective ‘kirei’. It is an adjective that means pretty, beautiful, magnificient. The best answer is the third option which means (I) don’t like the picture by negating ‘suki’ into ‘suki dewa arimasen’.
３． へやのでんきをつけました。
Heya no denki wo tsukemashita.
The room’electricity is turned on.
1. へやをあたたかくしました。
Heya wo atatakakushimashita.
The room became warm.
2. へやをすずしくしました。
Heya wo suzushikushimashita.
The room became cool.
3. へやをあかるくしました。
Heya wo akarukushimashita.
The room became bright.
4. へやをくらくしました。
Heya wo kurakushimashita.
The room became dark.
Answer : 3
‘Heya wa denki wo tsukemashita’ means The room, the electricity is turned on. Based on the information, we have to look for an answer that similarly describe or have a similar meaning with the underlined sentence.The first and second answer doesn’t have any clear connection because they only describe the temperature of the room. The fourth answer will logically false since the room will not became dark if the electricity is turned on. The correct answer is the third answer.
４． これはせっけんです。
Kore wa sekken desu.
This is a soap.
1. これはなにかをあらうときにつかいます。
Kore wa nanika wo arau toki ni tsukaimasu.
This is used whenever (we) want to was something.
2. これはなにかをつくるときにつかいます。
Kore wa nanika tsukuru toki ni tsukaimasu.
This is used whenever (we) want to make something.
3. これはなにかをきくときにつかいます。
Kore wa nanika wo kiku toki ni tsukaimasu.
This is used whenever (we) want to hear something.
4. これはなにかをみるときにつかいます。
Kore wa nanika wo miru toki ni tsukaimasu.
This is used whenever (we) want to see something.
Answer : 1
All of the answer’s pattern is similar except the verb in every sentence’s answer which is used. The important thing to realize is the meaning of the underlined sentence. Since it is a soap, we have to choose the correct answer that can be used. What is actually in general term we can do with a soap?, off course the correct answer is the first one. We usually in general term uses a soap to wash something.
５． このもんだいはむずかしくありません。
Kono mondai wa muzukashiku arimasen.
This problem is not difficult.
1. このもんだいはできません。
Kono mondai wa dekimasen.
This problem cannot be done.
2. このもんだいはやさしいです。
Kono modani wa yasashii desu.
This problem is easy.
3. このもんだいはみじかいです。
Kono mondai wa mijikai desu.
This problem is short.
4. このもんだいはわかりません。
Kono mondai wa wakarimasen.
This problem cannot be understood.
Answer : 2
Similar with the previous question, all of the answer’s pattern in this question is also similar. But in this case, we have to find the other word which has the same meaning with the underlined sentence. Since ‘easy’ is the other synonym of ‘not difficult, the best answer is the second answer.
Problem IV Yang manakah kalimat yang memiliki arti kurang lebih sama dengan kalimat yang digaris bawahi?. Pilihlah satu jawaban yang terbaik dari 1234.