問題用紙
1997 4級
読解・文法
日本語能力試験
問題III_____のところになにをいれますか。1234からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。
Problem III What does have to be inserted in the underlined part. Please choose one best answer from the choice 1 2 3 4.
1.「田中さんの ノートは_____ですか。
Hiragana : 「たなかさんの ノートは(どれ)ですか
Romaji : 「Tanaka-san no no-to wa (dore) desuka ?
Meaning : Which one is Tanaka’s note ?
1.どの。2.どれ 3.なん 4.どう
Answer : 2
Romaji : 1. dono 2. dore 3. nan 4. dou
The above question’s answer definitely is in the second option. We only have to select the appropriate interrogative pronoun to complete the whole sentence presented in the above question. The suitable one is the second option, どれ (dore) which can be translated as ‘which one’.
So, the above sentence’s context is actually used by the subject to ask which one is Tanaka’s note by asking it in form of question. We will going to explain the usage of the other option’s answers in form of sentence.
どの:
Pattern :
Kanji : どの + 名詞 +。。。 +ですか ?
Hiragana : どの +めいし +。。。 +ですか ?
Romaji : dono +meishi +。。。 +desuka ?
Meaning : which +noun +。。。 +is it ?
Example
Kanji : どの仕事を勤めてつもりですか
Hiragana : どのしごとをつとめてつもりですか
Romaji : dono shigoto wo tsutomete tsumori desuka ?
Meaning : which (job/work) do (you) want to work (to be employed) ?
It is an interrogative pronoun which is used to ask which is the noun or to ask the noun which is being discussed.
Kanji
A : 君がじぶんである歩けばどのぐらい時間がかかりますかうちから病院へ行くまでですか?
B :15分ぐらいかかります
Hiragana :
A : きみがじぶんであるければどのぐりいじかんがかかりますかうちからびょういんへいくまでですか
B : 15ぷんぐらいかかります
Romaji :
A : kimi ga jibun de arukereba dono gurai jikan ga kakarimasuka uchi kara byouin e iku made desuka ?
B : 15pun gurai kakarimasu.
Meaning :
A : how much time do you spent if you walk by yourself from your house to the hospital ?
B : It is about 15 minutes.
なん
Kanji : 昨日の面接に質問は一番難しいが何ですか
Hiragana : きのうのめんせつにしつもんはいちばんむずかしいがなんですか
Romaji : Kinou no mensetsu ni shitsumon wa ichiban muzukashii ga nan desuka ?
Meaning : What is the most difficult question in yesterday’s job interview ?
It is another type of interrogative pronoun which can be translated as ‘what’.
どう
Kanji :
A : 彼女と初めて出会ったのはどうですか
B : 嬉しかった。
Hiragana :
A : かのじょとはじめてであったのはどうですか
B : うれしかった。
Romaji :
A : Kanojyo to hajimete deatta no wa dou desuka ?
B : Ureshikatta.
Meaning :
A : Kanojyo to hajimete deatta no wa dou desuka ?
B : Ureshikatta.
どう itself can be translated as ‘how’and it is one of an interrogative pronoun.
2.「_____ 食べませんか。」「ええ、食べましょう」
Hiragana : (なにか たべませんか。)「ええ、たべましょう」
Romaji : (nanika tabemasenka). 「ee、tabemashou」
Meaning : (do you) want something to eat. 「yes、let’s eat then」
1.なにが 2.なにを 3.なにも 4.なにか
Romaji : 1. nani ga 2. nani wo 3. nani mo 4. nani ka
Answer : 4
なにか is an expression which is used to describe or to point out to an unclear thing or item which is used in the above question. It can be translated as ‘something’.
3.ここに 田中さんの 電話ばんごうが 書いて______。
Hiragana : koko ni Tanaka-san no denwa bangou ga kaite (arimasu)
Romaji : Tanaka’s phone number is written in here.
1.あります 2.います 3.します 4.です
Romaji : 1. arimasu 2. imasu 3. shimasu 4. desu
Answer : 1
The above is concerning about grammar pattern of –te aru which is used to describe a result of a state or a condition which is exist because of an intentional action.
We are using –te aru only with a transitive verb or tadoushi (他動詞・たどうし). A transitive verb is a verb which is a verb need an object. Below is the pattern :
Kanji : 主語 + が + 動詞 (-て ある 形)
Hiragana : しゅご + が + どうし (-て ある けい)
Romaji : shugo + ga + doushi(-te aru kei)
Meaning : subject + ga + verb(-te aru form)
It is used as a progressive form on the result of an action that is still affect the current state or the result is prolonged until the speaker state or describe it in a statement in the above example. The phone number of Tanaka-san is written as is without focusing on who wrote it.
4.「もう はじまりますか。」「いいえ、_____時間が あります。」
Hiragana : 「もう はじまりますか。」「いいえ、_____時間が あります。」
Romaji : 「mou hajimarimasuka. 」「iie, (mada) jikan ga arimasu. 」
Meaning : 「has it start ? 」「no, there are still time (left). 」
1.すぐ 2.いく 3.まだ 4.いくら
Romaji : 1. sugu 2. iku 3. mada 4. ikura
Answer : 3
The correct answer is in the third option which is translated as ‘more’in this context. It can be translated in the above question that there are still more time before an event or something start.
We will give example on the other option in form of a sentence as follow :
すぐ(sugu) : soon, immediately
Kanji : 課長が仕事を終わってからすぐ帰ります
Hiragana : かちょうがしごとをおわってからすぐかえります
Romaji : kachou ga shigoto wo owatte kara sugu kaerimasu.
Meaning : because the job is finish, he rush back (home).
We can use the above word to explain a situation or an expression where we do an activity soon or immediately.
いく
Kanji : 普通仕事へいくのは何時?
Hiragana : ふつうしごとへいくのはなんじ?
Romaji : futsuu shigoto e iku no wa nanji ?
Meaning : normally what time do you go to work ?
It is a verb which is translated as ‘to go’as provided in the above example.
いくら(ikura) : how much
It is an interrogative pronoun which is used to ask price of an item with the following example :
Kanji : 今日日本まで片道航空券はいくらですか
Hiragana : きょうにほんまでかたみちこうくうけんはいくらですか
Romaji : Kyou ni nihon made katamichi koukuuken wa ikura desuka ?
Meaning : How much it costs for a one-way plane ticket to Japan today ?
5.「_____ くすりを のみましたか。」「あたまが いたかったからです」。
Hiragana : 「(どうして) くすりを のみましたか。」「あたまが いたかったからです」。
Romaji : 「(doushite) kusuri wo nomimashitaka. 」「atama ga itakatta kara desu」。
Meaning : why did you drink medicine ? 」「it is because (my) head hurts」.
1.どんな 2.どうして 3.どのくらい 4.いつごろ
Romaji : 1. donna 2. doushite 3. dono kurai 4. itsu goro
Answer : 2
The other option’s answer will be provided in the form of an example as follows :
どんな (donna) : what
Kanji :どんな料理が好きですか
Hiragana :どんなりょうりがすきですか
Romaji :donna ryouri ga suki desuka ?
Meaning :what kind of dishes (cooking) do (you) like ?
It is an interrogative pronoun which can be translated as ‘what kind (of)’. It is used to ask detail or further description.
どのくらい (dono kurai) : how long
Kanji :
A : どのくらい病院で入院しましたか
B : 2週間ぐらい病院で入院しました。
Hiragana :
A : どのくらいびょういんでにゅういんしましたか
B : 2しゅうかんぐらいびょういんでにゅういんしました。
Romaji :
A : Dono kurai byouin de niyuuin shimashitaka ?
B : 2shuukan gurai byouin de nyuuin shimashita.
Meaning :
A : How long did (you) hospitalized in the hospital ?
B : (I) was hospitalized in the hospital for two weeks.
いつごろ (itsu goro) : when, at what time
Kanji :
A : いつごろ賞別会を始めますか
B : 今日の9時にはじまります。
Hiragana :
A : いつごろしょうべつかいをはじめますか
B : きょうの9じにはじまります。
Romaji :
A : itsu goro shoubetsukai wo hajimemasuka ?
B : kyou no 9ji ni hajimarimasu.
Meaning :
A : what time does today’s farewell party wil begin ?
B : it will begin today at 9 o’clock.
6.「きのうの えいがは_____でしたか。
Hiragana : 「きのうの えいがは(いかが)でしたか。
Romaji : 「kinou no eiga wa (ikaga) deshitaka.
Meaning : 「how did yesterday’s movie ?
1.いかが 2.いくら 3.どちら 4.どこの
Romaji : 1. ikaga 2. ikura 3. dochira 4. doko no
Answer :
Another example is going to be given below using the other answer option’s :
いくら(ikura) : how much
Kanji : 昨日のレストランで食べた晩御飯はいくらですか
Hiragana : きのうのレストランでたべたばんごはんはいくらですか
Romaji : kinou no resutoran de tabeta ban gohan wa ikura desuka ?
Meaning : how much did yesterday’s dinner that (we) ate cost ?
The option’s answer, いくら(ikura) is an interrogative pronoun which is used to ask the price of an item or the cost of something.
どちら(dochira) : which way
Kanji :新しい刑務所はどちらですか
Hiragana :あたらしいけいむしょはどちらですか
Romaji : atarashii keimusho wa dochira desuka ?
Meaning : where is the location of the new prison ?
The other option’s answer is どちら(dochira) is also another form of interrogative pronoun which is used to ask the direction of some place or location.
どこの (doko no) : where does it came from (where does it made)
Kanji :
A : どこのカメラですか?高そうです。
B : 日本製です。
A : なるほど。
Hiragana :
A : どこのカメラですか?たかそうです。
B : にほんせいです。
A : なるほど。
Romaji :
A : doko no kamera desuka ? takasou desu.
B : nihon-sei desu.
A : naru hodo.
Meaning :
A : where is this camera (came) from ? it’s look expensive.
B : it is made in Japan.
A : I see
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