Japanese Language Proficiency Test Answer Sheet 1991 3kyuu Dokkai Bunpou Part 3

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問題用紙

1991 3級

読解・文法

(100点35分)

問題III___のところに何を入れますか。1,2,3,4からいちばんいいものを一つえらびなさい。

Problem III What do you have to be inserted in the underlined part. Please choose one correct answer from the answer option 1,2,3,4.

1.「あの小さい字が___か。」

「はい、(にほん)と書いてあります。」

Hiragana    :

「あのちいさいじが(みえます)か。」

「はい、(にほん)とかいてあります。」

Romaji        :

「ano chiisai ji ga (miemasu) ka. 」

「hai, (nihon) to kaite arimasu. 」

Meaning     :

「can those small letter be seen ? 」

「yes, it is written in Japanese language 」

Answer :

1.見えます 2.見せます 3.見ます 4.見ています

Hiragana :

1.みえます 2.みせます 3.みます 4.みています

Romaji :

  1. miemasu 2. misemasu 3. mimasu 4. mite imasu

Answer : 1

The proper answer is in the first option. It is using a jidoushi自動詞(じどうし)which is an intransitive verb. It is translated as ‘to be seen’. It is a verb which doesn’t even need any object. Below is the pattern for those pattern :

Kanji              : 主語              +が+自動詞

Hiragana       : しゅご          +が+じどうし

Romaji           : shugo             +ga+jidoushi

Meaning        : subject           +ga+intransitive verb

Another example is provided below :

Kanji              : 電話が壊してしまいました

Hiragana       : でんわがこわしてしまいました

Romaji           : denwa ga kowashite shimaimashita

Meaning        : the phone was broken.

The above sentence is an intransitive verb which doesn’t need an object. It explains the condition of a noun which is the phone and it is broken in the context above.

We will give further explanation and also example of the other option :

miseru (見せる)

It is a word which can be translated as ‘to show’. It is a transitive verb (他動詞・たどうし)in a plain or dictionary form(辞書形). Below is the correct usage in a sentence :

Kanji              : 君の試験結果を見せて下さい

Hiragana       : きみのしけんけっかをみせてください

Romaji           : kimi no shiken kekka wo misete kudasai

Meaning        : Please show (me) your test result.

mimasu (見ます)

It is a transitive verb(他動詞・たどうし)which is in it’s polite form. The plain or dictionary form is(見る)which can be translated as ‘to see’. We will display it in the form of sentence’s example as follows :

Kanji              : 今日一緒に映画館で日本映画を見ますか

Hiragana       : きょういっそにえいがかんでにほんえいがをみますか

Romaji           : Kyou isshoni eiga kan de nihon eiga wo mimasuka

Meaning        : Today, do you want to watch Japanese movie together in the cinema ?

mite imasu (見ています)

It is a form which is comprised with the following :

Kanji              : ( 見る   +(-て計) +います )

Hiragana       : ( みる   +(-てけい)+います )

Romaji           : ( miru    +( -te kei )   +imasu )

Meaning        : ( to look, to see +( -te form )   +imasu )

Below is the sentence example based on the pattern above :

Kanji              : 毎朝いつも日の入りを見ています。

Hiragana       : まいあさいつもひのいりをみています。

Romaji           : mai asa itsumo hi no iri wo mite imasu.

Meaning        : every morning (I) always watching sunset.

The form of –ている is a form that can be used to describe present continuous tense or present progressive tense. It can be described for habitual action of an ongoing activity.

2.学生「わたしはかぜをひいてしまいました。」

あしたじゅぎょうを___ください。」

Hiragana :

がくせい「わたしはかぜをひいてしまいました。」

あしたじゅぎょうを()ください。」

Romaji :

Gakusei 「Watashi wa kaze wo hiite shimaimashita. 」

Ashita jyugyou wo (yasunde) kudasai. 」

Meaning :

Student 「I caught cold 」

Please (take a)rest from tomorrow’s class (lesson).

Answer :

1.休まれて 2.休ませて 3.休んで 4.休んでみて

Hiragana :

1.やすまれて 2.やすませて 3.やすんで 4.やすんでみて

Romaji :

1. yasumarete 2. yasumasete 3. yasunde 4. yasunde mite

Answer : 3

The correct answer is in the third option. It is a form of -te kudasai which is used to ask someone politely to do something. Below is the pattern :

Kanji              : 。。。+動詞(-て形)+ください

Hiragan         : 。。。+どうし(-てけい)+ください

Romaji           : …+doushi(-te kei)+kudasai

Meaning        : please do … + verb (-te form)

For an example :

Kanji              : わたしの携帯電話はどこでも蜜からなったらどうしてもちゃんと手伝って探してください

Hiragana       : わたしのけいたいでんわはどこにもみつかれないからわたしにてつだってくれてちゃんといっしょにさがしてください。

Romaji           : Watashi no keitai denwa wa doko ni mo mitsukarenai kara watashi ni tetsudatte kurete chanto isshoni sagashite kudasai.

Meaning        : Since I cannot find my cellphone anywhere, please give me a hand by searching (it) together.

We are going to explain other options by giving sentences as follow :

yasumarete (休まれて)

It is a passive form which is derived from the dictionary form yasumu(休む・やすむ) which can be translated as to take a rest, to get rest. Since it is ended with ‘-mu’, it will be changed into -される or -あれるdepends on the type of the verb when it will be used as a passive form.

Below is the pattern :

Kanji :

「辞書形」              :休む

「受身」                  :休         +まれる

Hiragana :

「じしょけい」      :やすむ

「うけみ」              :やす        +まれる

Romaji :

「jisho kei」            : yasumu

「ukemi」               : yasumu         +mareru

Meaning :

「dictionary form」 : yasumu

「passive」              : yasumu         +mareru

We are going to give an example which is suitable with the above sample :

Kanji              : 昨日このレポートが同僚に書かれました。

Hiragana       : きのうこのレポートが どうりょうにかかれました。

Romaji           : Kinou kono repo-to ga douryou ni kakaremashita.

Meaning        : Yesterday my co-worker wrote this report.

yasumasete (休ませる)

Kanji

「辞書形」              :休む

「使役」                  :休む            +ませる

Hiragana

「じしょけい」      :やすむ

「しえき」              :やすむ        +ませる

Romaji

「jisho kei」             :yasumu

「shieki」                 :yasumu        +maseru

Meaning

「dictionary form」 :yasumu

「causative」           :yasumu        +maseru

For an example :

Kanji              : 二人ともが兄弟ですよ。だらか妹を泣かせないで下さい。

Hiragana     : ふたりともがきょうだいですよ。だからいもうとをなかせないで ください。

Romaji           : Futari tomo ga kyoudai desu yo. Dakara imouto wo nakasenaide  kudasai.

Meaning        : Both of you are siblings. So, don’t make you younger sister cry.

It is a causative form which is derived from the dictionary form yasumu(休む・やすむ)which can be translated as to take a rest, to get rest. It is ended with -させる or -あせる depends on the type of the verb when it will be used as a causative form.

yasunde mite (休んでみて)

It is based on grammatical form -te miru which is used to express something translated as to try to do something. The grammatical form is presented with the following pattern :

Kanji              : 休む              +(-て形 )                    + み(る・て)

Hiragana       : やすむ       +(-てけい)                    + み(る・て)

Romaji           : yasumu          +(-te kei )                   + mi(ru|te)

Meaning        : try to                         + to take rest (to get)           +(-te form)

We will give another example in a form of sentence :

Kanji              : この新しい新規を読んでみて下さい。

Hiragana       : このあたらしいしんきをよんでください。

Romaji           : Kono atarashii shinki wo yonde kudasai.

Meaning        : Please try to read this new novel.

3.かとう「あしたはサッカーのしあいです。」

もし雨が(ふっても)しあいをします。がんばってください。」

Hiragana :

かとう「あしたはサッカーのしあいです。」

もしあめが(ふっても)しあいをします。がんばってください。」

Romaji :

Katou「ashita wa sakkaa no shiai desu. 」

Moshi ame ga (futte mo) shiai wo shimasu. ganbatte kudasai. 」

Meaning :

Katou 「tomorrow there is a football game. 」

Although the rain fall we will play the game. We will do our best.

Answer :

1.ふるのに 2.ふるので 3.ふって 4.ふっても

Romaji :

1.furu noni 2.furu node 3.futte 4.futte mo

Answer :

The correct answer is in the fourth option. The other option’s answer is wrong and the example will be be presented below in the form of sentence :

furu noni (降るのに):even though, although … (something) … drop, fall

Kanji              : 大雨が降るのに今そとで子供たちが楽しみに遊びます。

Hiragana       : おおあめがふるのにいまそとにこどもたちがたのしみにあそびます。

Romaji           : oo ame ga furu no ni ima soto de kodomotachi ga tanoshimi ni asobimasu.

Meaning        : even though heavy rain fall but right now kids are enjoy playing outside.

The above particle, noni(のに)is used to describe a contrary situation which is an actual fact presented. It can be translated as ‘even though’.

furu node (降るので): … (something) … drop, fall but …

Kanji              : 大雨が降るので隣公園で友達と約束を止めます。

Hiragana       : おおあめがふるのでとなりこうえんでともだちとやくそくをやめます。

Romaji           : oo ame ga furu node tonari kouen de tomodachi to yakusoku wo yamemasu.

Meaning       : the heavy rain fall, therefore (I) give up the appointment with my friend at the nearest park.

The above particle, node(ので)is used to describe a cause and reason relationship of a certain event.

futte

Kanji              : 雨が降ってすぐ家に戻って。

Hiragana       : あめがふってすぐうちにもどって。

Romaji           : ame ga futte sugu uchi ni modotte.

Meaning        : the rain is falling, so I rush back home.

The above conjugation verb is used for progressive tense or continuous form. It is changed from the dictionary form to a form called ‘-te form’.

4.「そうですか。ちょっとのんでみましょう。うーん、ちょっと___ですね。」

Romaji :

「kono su-pu chotto karakunai desuka. 」

「sou desuka. chotto nonde mimashou. u-n, chotto () desu ne. 」

Meaning :

1.からいよう 2.からいらしい 3.からいため 4.からいそう

Romaji :

1. karai you 2. karai rashii 3. karai tame 4. karai sou

Answer :  1

The correct answer from the above question is in the first option answer. It is using a grammar pattern  ~ようです. The opinion in a form of information above is stated after the subject drank the soup.

It is a grammar pattern which is used to deliver subjective opinion based on the experience he or she had. So, the opinion can be produced after the subject see, hear, touch, taste or smell. Below is another example of it :

karai you (からい よう)

Kanji              : 今額が熱い体も痛いです。やっぱり病気ようです。

Hiragana       : いまひたいがあついしからだもいたいです。びょうきようです。

Romaji           : ima hitai ga atsui shi karada mo itai desu. byouki you desu.

Meaning        : Right now, my forehead is burned and my body is hurt. It seems (I) am sick.

karai rashii

Kanji              :彼女がスカートを使いますから可愛いらしいですね。

Romaji           :かのじょがスカートをつかいますからかわいいらしいですね。

Hiragana       : kanojyo ga suka-to wo tsukaimasu kara kawaii rashii desu.

Romaji           : because she use a skirt, she seems cute.

The grammar pattern rashii (らしい) is a pattern which is used to describe something similar with other things, aspect. The above pattern explain that the subject looks cute when she is wearing skirt.

karai sou

Kanji              : 友達が電話した、先生が入院していますといいました。先生が病気そうです。

Romaji           : ともだちがでんわした、せんせいがにゅういんしていますといいました。せんせいがびょうきそうです。

Hiragana       : tomodachi ga denwa shita, sensei ga niyuuin shite imasu to iimashita. Sensei ga byouki sou desu.

Romaji           : my friend called, he said (our) teacher is being hospitalized. (our) teacher seems sick.

The above pattern, ―そう is a grammar pattern which is used to describe something the subject head from another source or it is a hearsay expression. It is an information acquired from other people or other source.

5.ドアを開けて、「ごめんください。」と言いました。

___、ねこが3びき出てきました。

Hiragana :

ドアがあけて、「ごめんください。」といいました。

ねこが3びきでてきました。

Romaji :

doa ga akete, 「gomen kudasai. 」to iimashita.

neko ga 3biki dete kimashita.

Meaning :

the door open, I said 「gomen kudasai. 」.

then at that point, there are three cats came out.

Answer :

1.では      2.だから 3.すると 4.それなのに

Romaji :

1. dewa 2. dakara 3. suruto 4. sore nano ni

Answer : 3

We are using suruto to express something happens exactly after another event occurred. In other words, at the moment of the event occurs, in an instant, another moment also occurs. In the above question when the door opened and the subject said ‘gomen kudasai’, after that moment in an instant there are three cats came out from the door.

We will give further explanation using the above option’s answer :

dakara (だから)

This grammar pattern, dakara is a conjunction which is used to describe possible reasons, causes which we are going to present in a form of example as follows :

Kanji              : あの人が上手です。だから昨日の大変な試験が完璧に問題が全部答えました。

Hiragana       : あのひとがじょうずです。だからきのうのたいへんなしけんがかんぺきにぜんぶこたえます。

Romaji           : ano hito ga jyouzu desu. dakara kinou no taihen na shiken ga kanpeki ni zenbu kotaemasu.

Meaning        : that person is smart. that’s why (that person) answer all the problem in yesterday’s test perfectly.

In the above example, it is used to connect two sentences.

suru to (すると)

It is a grammar pattern which is actually another example of conjunction used to connect clauses, sentences. It is a relation between sentence where the other sentence situation is an output or depends on the introduction sentence. It focuses on the second sentence which is introduced by the first sentence as a sequence or an orderly event. We are going to give an example below :

Kanji              : 自動販売機にお金を入れてそうすると缶コーヒーが自動販売機を出た。

Hiragana       :じどうはんばいきにおかねをいれてそうするとかんコーヒーがじどうはんばいきをでた。

Romaji           : jidouhanbaiki ni okae wo irete sou suru to kan ko-hi- ga jidouhanbaiki wo deta.

Meaning        : soon enough (I) insert money into the vending machine, the can coffee came out from the vending machine.

sore nano ni (それなのに)

It is actually a demonstrative pronoun which is combined with na noni as one of particle example which is used to connect normally sentences or clauses describing contrast. In this case, sore is pointing to or referring to another clause or example. It can be translated as although, despite of. Below is the example of it :

Kanji              : そのかばんが高いです。それなのに買ってしまいました。

Hiragana       : そのかばんがたかいです。それなのにかってしまいました。

Romaji           : sono kaban ga takai desu. sore nano ni katte shimaimashita.

Meaning        : that bag is expensive. despite of that, (i) actually bought it.

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